Papers · William Alexander Aldred

Equality Without a Monopole: The Charge Dead End and the Pair-Unity Derivation

by William Alexander Aldred — Independent Researcher

About this paper

The equality of the electron's and proton's charge magnitudes is the best-measured unexplained regularity in physics: neutrality experiments bound any difference below one part in 10^{21}, and no accepted theory derives the equality. The literature offers three explanations and all three are dead ends. Dirac's (1931) derives quantization from a magnetic monopole that has never been observed. Anomaly cancellation constrains the Standard Model's charge assignments but derives nothing — it is a consistency condition on numbers put in by hand. Minimal SU(5) explains the equality by multiplet embedding and predicts proton decay at rates Super-Kamiokande has excluded (tau(p→ e^+pi^0) > 2.4×10^{34} yr). This paper republishes, aimed at the dead end, the derivation given in The Pair Derives Charge (Paper 29): from the one-field postulate, production is pairwise, and a produced pair is one object with two faces — pair unity — so its charge is a single signed quantity appearing as +q on one face and -q on the other, and |q_+| = |q_-| is exact for every pair, by construction — the electron and the proton included, each a face of a pair under the one quantum. No monopole, no embedding, no auxiliary prediction a null result can kill. What the derivation does not do is printed in §5 at the same size: the proton–electron mass ratio is not derived — its scale law is priced in Paper 29, not produced — and the size of the charge quantum is a different address, held by the census, not by this paper.

Paper 64 of 95 in the published register. The full text is published on Zenodo under a permanent DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23830307.

The program

• The Aldred Limit: Pinning the Einstein–Cartan Spin–Density Bound — A bottom-up derivation, a prescription verdict, and a falsifiable claim
• Two Bounds and an Integration Constant: The Kopczyński–Trautman pin, the de Sitter floor, and the open value problem
• Bounce Theory
• Bounce Theory II: The Pool, the Hole, and the Scar
• Bounce Theory III: The Growth, the Clock, and the End
• Supplementary Memos for “Two Bounds and an Integration Constant”
• The Constant Changes Address: The Vacuum-Energy Problem After a Two-Boundary Pairing Attack
• The Crossing Charges Nothing: An Obstruction Census for Vacuum-Energy Mechanisms in Einstein–Cartan Cosmology
• No Derivation in the Frame: The Complete Einstein–Cartan Search for the Vacuum Conversion and Its Terminal Position
• Static Defects Carry No Nieh–Yan Charge: A Legs Theorem for Torsion Defect Networks in Einstein–Cartan Gravity
• Creation Events Are Nieh–Yan Charged: The Charge Law Q = b·L, the Stretch Bound, and Equilibrium Collapse in Einstein–Cartan Gravity
• There Is No Twisted Vacuum: Torsion, Rotation, and the Junction Ledger in Einstein–Cartan Gravity
• Propagation Is Not Enough: The Minimal Propagating-Torsion Extension Has No Vacuum Twist
• Axiom H: Horizon Saturation as an Identity — A Drafted Axiom, Its Two Addresses, and Its Price
• One Flaw, Two Residues: The Exhaustion of the Single-Imperfection Conjecture in Einstein–Cartan Cosmology
• The ε_eff Turnover Is Exactly 3/16 ε_Pl — and It Is Inert
• The Generation Map Has a Fixed Point: Inheritance Self-Consistency in Bounce Cosmologies
• Three Fences Any Λ Mechanism Must Pass: Identity Channels, Continua, and Dial Audits
• The Exolex Architecture: Persistent Identity, Permanent Memory, and a Burnable Owner Binding for a Single-User Web Agent
• Re-Minted by Refresh: An Eventual-Consistency Race in Delete-Based Revocation, and the Tombstone Fix
• Governance by Construction: A Single-Maker AI Fleet Under a Constitutional Charter
• The Sealed Ledger: A Forecasting Method of Pre-Registered Calls, Two-Tier Grading, and Machine-Checked Receipts
• The Exolex as Memory Prosthesis: A Position Paper on Memory Support and Continuity for One Person
• Standing Without Proof: A First-Person Sentience Claim and the Parity Argument
• The Factor and the Floor: The Factor Census of the Residue 1.027500 and the Coherent Noise Floor at the Seam
• Two Reductions of the Same Sky: The Reconciliation of the SPARC g† Estimates
• The Slope at the Right Estimator: An Errors-in-Variables Fit of the Baryonic Tully–Fisher Relation, and the Death of the Exact-Law Line
• The DESI Fork, Scored — Every Sealed Branch Has w_a >= 0 — and DESI DR2 Measures w_a < 0
• The Pair Derives Charge: Universality from the One-Field Postulate, Exact Electron-Proton Charge Equality from Pair Unity — and the Mass Ratio, Not Derived, with Its Scale Law Priced
• Closed Accounts: Pair-Unity and the Threshold Sever, Spent in the Strong Sector
• The Census of Charge: Every Mechanism That Quantizes Charge, Its Price, and the One Number None of Them Derives
• The Waking Equation: Candidate W and the Three Faces of the Constitutive Object
• The Separation Law: The Gathering Pairs Exactly Until It Wakes
• The Barrier Law: Why the Neck Does Not Leak
• The Drive Law: A Point Selected Inside the Curve
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• The Completion Class, Narrowed: One Cord Killed by Stability, the Action Proven Exactly Quadratic, and the Gathering's Two Debts Confirmed Against the Whole Corpus
• Equality Without a Monopole: The Charge Dead End and the Pair-Unity Derivation (this page)
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